These proceedings arise from a workshop held in Honiara, Solomon Islands in December 1989. Baitfish - small fish thrown live into the sea to attract tuna schools - are important for tuna fishermen in Solomon Islands and Maldives using the tradional pole-and-line method. It is thus vital that baitfish stocks are not over exploited, and this workshop examined research results from an ACIAR project designed to assist in managing the resource. Although many of the workshop papers are directed at the biology of tuna baitfish, the work has wider implications because species used as baitfish are often important food fishes in the countries of Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent and the African coast. Proceedings of a workshop, Honiara, Solomon Islands, 11-13 December, 1989.